![]() ![]() This arrangement ensures that a replica of every chromosome is acquired by the new nucleus after the separation of chromosomes in the succeeding phase. The tension afflicted by the microtubules regulates the chromosomes in uniformity. Simultaneously, the spindle evolves completely and these fibers alienate the chromosomes along an imaginary line, equally distant from the two centrosome poles, which is referred to as ‘metaphase plate’, ‘equatorial plane or ‘spindle equator’. In metaphase, the nuclear membrane dissolves conclusively. The chromosomes then start advancing towards the centromere to form the mitotic spindle. Consequently, proteins affix to the centromeres creating kinetochores, which in turn get affixed by microtubules. With the absence of nuclear membrane, microtubules or spindle fibers invade the nuclear space this is referred to as ‘open mitosis’ and is observed only in multicellular organisms. The annihilation of the nuclear membrane marks the initiation of this phase. Prometaphase is often condensed to a subsequent remnant of prophase and primitive fragment of metaphase. ![]() The nucleus membrane formed during interphase breaks, the chromosomes shorten and become thicker, migrating towards the opposite poles of the cell and are bound at the centromere interconnecting the two sister chromatids, thus, forming an ‘X’. ![]() The combination of DNA and proteins generated in the interphase is called ‘chromatin’, which in this phase coagulates to actualize into ‘chromosomes’. Prophase officially marks the commencement of the process of mitosis. The cell in this segment escalates in mass and adds organelles. G2 phase – G2 is the second gap phase preceding the prophase and succeeding the integration of DNA.S phase – Synthesis or S phase follows G1 and processes the formation of DNA.G1 phase – G1 or Gap1 is the first gap of the cell division cycle it is the span preceding the synthesis of DNA and the cell increases in mass required for division.Interphase is again categorized in three stages During this period, the cell does not undergo the procedure of division, but, executes all the activities essential for life it reads DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid), which is necessary for the formation of a replica of the parent cell during mitosis. Interphase, also referred to as ‘interkinesis’, generally is not regarded as a segment of mitosis, but is an essential phase of the cell cycle where the cell goes through a facet of growth accruing to about 90% of the cellular cycle. Cytokinesis then completes the cell division by dividing the cell membrane so that two identical daughter cells can be produced. During all these phases, the pair of chromosomes flock and amalgamate and affix themselves to fibers that haul the sister chromatids to opposite sides of the cell. It is categorized as Interphase, Prophase, Prometaphase, Metaphase, Anaphase and Telophase. ![]() The course of this process is divided into phases, balancing the completion of one phase and the beginning of the next. This physical process is complex but controlled to a large extent. Mitosis occurs in all somatic cells, i.e., pertaining to cells of the body except those of the reproductive parts, namely, gamete. This is the method by which the body produces new cells for both growth and repair of aging or damaged tissues throughout the body, as opposed to for sexual reproduction.” Mitosis can be defined as “the type of cell division by which a single cell divides in such a way as to produce two genetically identical ‘daughter cells’. ![]()
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